Image: Parts of the Apple (Fertilisation)

Core:

Seeds:

Surrounding of core and leftover stigma and other parts:

Fruit of outside that attracts animal:

3.4 - Plant Fertilisation

-The pollen tubes will only complete if they are from the same species
Pollen grains on stigma - germinate and tube begins to grow downwards
- One tube goes down to ovule - nucleus travels down this tube - into ovule
4 things will happen
1. Pollen nucleus will fertilise the ovule --> formation of zygote --> grown in to embryonic plant
2. outside of ovule forms seed coat (TESTA)
3. Inside formation of seed (cotyledons) - food stores for the seedling -- supports plant until it develops first sets of leaves
4. Thickening of the walls of the ovary/carpel - plant will put energy (sugars, proteins) - will form the fruit - developed from the wall.

Looking at a Plant

3.3b - Wind Pollination

- Transfer of pollen grains from anther by air, then carried by wind to the Stigma.
- Grass - No colour in the petals and no scent to attract insects so no point to produce these, waste of energy when it is a wind pollinated plant.
- Anthers hang well clear of any basic flower structure, so exposed to the wind.
- Stigma, really large surface area, feather like structure to catch pollen grains.
- Probably moves more efficiently through the air.

3.3a - Insect Pollination

- A pollination flower transfers pollen grain from the anther to a stigma of a plant.
- A pollen is a small structure that contains male nuclei.
- Transfer in an insects pollinated plant is taken place by insects.
- Its necessary for this plant to attract insects.
- If pollen goes from one plant to another this is called cross pollination.

Structure - Petals
- Stamen (male part of the plant) - Anther (pollen grains), Filament
- Carpel (female Part of the plant) - Stigma, Style and Ovary (ovules)